Simposio sobre Vulnerabilidad y Resiliencia Urbana: Riesgos Socio-Hidrológicos en la Ciudad de México. Participación de academia, gobierno, iniciativa privada y organizaciones civiles. Sede: Unidad de Seminarios Ignacio Chávez, Jardín Botánico, UNAM. Ciudad de México, México. Marzo 12, 2020. Ir al sitio web
2019
1er Encuentro Internacional UNAM-ASU. Laboratorio Binacional de Sostenibilidad, Vulnerabilidad y Adaptación al Cambio Climático. Participación de academia, gobierno y organizaciones civiles. Sede: Hotel Hyatt Regency. Mérida, Yucatán, México. Junio 11-13, 2019. Ir al sitio web
2017
Presentación a la Cámara de Diputados del Congreso de la Unión de México. Estudios sobre Sostenibilidad, Proyecto MEGADAPT. Participación de academia, gobierno y sociedad civil. Sede: Sala de inmersión del anfiteatro de decisiones, Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencias de la Sostenibilidad, Instituto de Ecología, UNAM. Ciudad de México, México. Marzo 29, 2017.
Presentaciones
2019
Transformations 2019. Eakin, H. “Loss and change: Emotional roots in transformation and collective action”. Conference. Oct 17, 2019. Santiago, Chile.
RMIT Urban Futures Enabling Capability Platform Eakin, H. “Sustainable adaptation in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals: The case of Mexico City.” May 22, 2019. Melbourne, Australia.
RMIT Urban Futures Enabling Capability Platform Eakin, H. “How to think differently: Working with mental models, meta narratives and problem framings as points of intervention to foster more sustainable adaptation pathways”. May 16, 2019. Melbourne, Australia.
Eakin, H. “Making the invisible, visible: Decision-making, politics and the process of sustainable adaptation”. Department of Geography, University of Arizona. April 12, 2019. Tucson, Arizona.
Association of American Geographers’ Annual Meeting Bausch, J.C. Tellman, E., Acosta, A., Lerner, A., Castelan, E., Hernandez, B. “Alternative values and competing needs at the peri-urban fringe: Payments for Ecosystem Services in Mexico City.” April 5, 2019. Washington, D.C.
2018
Decision Making Under Deep Uncertainty 2018 Annual Meeting Presented by L.A. Bojórquez-Tapia, Co-authors: H. Eakin, M.A. Janssen, A. Baeza, F. Serrano-Candela, P. Gómez-Priego, Y. Miquelajauregui. "MEGADAPT: Simulating socio-hydrological and climatic risks in Mexico City through a self-organizing systems approach". November 13-15, 2018. Culver City, Northern California, USA.
Sustainability: platforms to facilitate deliberative policy learning. Expert Workshop. Eakin, H. “The politics of thresholds, patterns and tradeoffs: social learning in the MEGADAPT project in Mexico City”. Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change. September 5-6, 2018. Berlin, Germany.
Institute for Resilient Infrastructure Systems. Colloquium Speaker. Eakin, H. “The influence of socio-political infrastructure on Flooding and Water Scarcity in Mexico City”. University of Georgia. August 31, 2018. Athens, Georgia, USA.
15th International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (ISAHP) Presented by L.A. Bojórquez-Tapia, Co-authors: H. Eakin, M.A. Janssen, A. Baeza."ANP-based Simulation of Two-way Coupled Socio-Ecological System". City University of Hong Kong. July 12-15, 2018. Hong Kong, China.
The Political Logic of Mediterranean Landscapes: Crafting Communities and Sustainable Futures from the Ground. Invited presentation. Eakin, H. “Loss and social-ecological transformation: Pathways of change in Xochimilco, Mexico”. University of Notre Dame/ British School of Rome/ Cambridge University. June 28-30, 2018. Rome, Italy.
9th International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software Modelling for Sustainable Food-Energy-Water Systems. Marco A. Janssen & Luis A. Bojórquez-Tapia. "Building Urban Resilience of Coupled Infrastructure Systems". Colorado State University. June 24-28, 2018. Northern Colorado, USA.
NCCARF National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility.Climate Adaptation 2018.Plenary talk. Eakin, H. “Making the invisible, visible: Decision-making, politics and the process of sustainable adaptation”. May 8-11, 2018. Melbourne, Australia.
Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers Eakin, H., Bojorquez-Tapia, L., Manuel-Navarrete, D., Janssen, M., Baeza, A., Lerner, A., Shelton, R. “Socio-political infrastructure and the dynamics of vulnerability in the Megacity” April 12, 2018. New Orleans, USA.
ASU Urban Climate Research Center poster contest Shelton, R., Baeza-Castro, A., Janssen, M., and Eakin H. "Managing Household Socio-hydrological Risk in Mexico City: A Game to Communicate and Validate Computational Modeling with Stakeholders". April 3, 2018. Tempe, AZ, USA.
Conference on Complex Systems 2018. Poster. Yosune Miquelajauregui, Erika Danaé López Espinoza, Erika Luna Pérez, Fidel Serrano-Candela, Rodrigo García, Luis A. Bojórquez-Tapia, Paola Gómez-Priego and Adolfo Magaldi. "Impacts of future urban growth on the local climate in Mexico City Metropolitan Area: implications for urban socio-hydrological vulnerability". September 23-28, 2018. Thessaloniki, Greece.
2017
ASU Institute for Social Science Research poster contest Rebecca Shelton, Baeza-Castro, A., Janssen, M., and Eakin H. “Managing Household Socio-hydrological Risk in Mexico City: A role-play game for stakeholder validation of an agent-based model”. November 16, 2017. Tempe, AZ., USA.
II Conference of the Programme on Ecosystem Change and Society Rebecca Shelton, Hallie Eakin, Baeza-Castro, A. and Janssen, M. “Innovative & Immersive Session: A board game of Mexico City’s socio-hydrological system to communicate and validate an agent-based model with stakeholders”. November 7-10, 2017. Oaxaca, Mexico.
Presentation at the 3rd Transformations Conference Eakin, H., Bojórquez-Tapia, L.A., Manuel-Navarrete, D., and Baeza-Castro A. "Transforming from the inside out: Gaining traction in entrenched sustainability challenges in Mexico City". September 1, 2017. Dundee, Scotland. www.transformations2017.org/
Abstract: Sustainability transformations in megacities are not only challenged by the physical obstacles of the built environment, but also by repetitive responses to chronic stressors, and the dominance of specific mental models of social-ecological dynamics. We present the case of the MEGADAPT project, designed to challenge path dependencies and dominant framings of social-hydrological risk in Mexico City in order to provoke transformative action. In particular, we strive to make the less-visible and less-tangible drivers of urban dynamics visible and tractable, and thus points of leverage for change. MEGADAPT involves an innovative tool kit employing participatory mental model elicitation and visualization, geo-referenced multi-criteria decision analysis (GIS-MCDA) and agent-based modeling linked to a suite of multi-scalar biophysical models. We illustrate the approach’s salience in Mexico City, where urban growth, socio-economic disparities and the evolving risks of flooding, scarcity and water quality challenge sustainability efforts. Our aim is to employ exploratory modeling approaches to demonstrate how different mechanisms of power and influence create, sustain and potentially undermine urban vulnerability. In making the influence of social actors as agents in the city tractable, our approach emphasizes reflexivity, responsibility and agency, while aiming to open up opportunities for individual, collective and systemic social-technical-ecological transformation.
Conference on Complex Systems 2017 Baeza, A.; Janssen M., Bojorquez L., and Eakin H. “An Agent-based model to understand socio-hydrological vulnerability in a Megacity". September 17-22, 2017. Cancun, Quintana Roo, Mexico.
Transformations 2017 Conference L. Charli-Joseph. Siquieros-Garcia, J.M., Eakin, H., and Manuel-Navarrete, D. “Promoting spaces for social-ecological transformation: The Transformation-lab in Xochimilco social-ecological system.” August 29-September 1, 2017. Dundee, Scotland.
Transformations 2017 Conference Eakin, H., Bojórquez-Tapia, L., Manuel-Navarrete, D., Baeza-Castro, A. “Transforming from the inside out: Gaining traction in entrenched sustainability challenges in Mexico City.” August 29-September 1, 2017. Dundee, Scotland.
Resilience 2017 Conference. Resilience Frontiers for Global Sustainability Lerner, A. Eakin, H. and Hernandez, B. “Informality and socio-hydrological risk in Mexico City: Perpetuating vulnerability and fostering resistance within a Megacity”. August 20-23, 2017. Stockholm, Sweden.
Resilience 2017 Conference. Resilience Frontiers for Global Sustainability Baeza, A.; Janssen M., Bojorquez L., and Eakin H. “Robustness and vulnerability tradeoffs in urban socio- hydrological risk due to the decision-making priorities of influential actors". August 20-23, 2017. Stockholm, Sweden.
Impact of Environmental Changes on Infectious Diseases Baeza, A.; A. Estrada, A. E. Escalante, H. Eakin, L.A. Bojórquez. "Localized effect of hydrological risk and socio-economic drivers explains the spatial distribution of gastrointestinal disease burden in Mexico City". May 17-19, 2017. Trieste Italy.
2017 American Association of Geographers Annual Meeting Eakin, H., Bojórquez-Tapia, LA, Janssen, M., Manuel-Navarrete, D., Baeza-Castro, A., and Lerner, A.M. “Making ‘soft’ sociopolitical infrastructure visible for enhancing urban risk management” April 5-9, 2017. Boston, MA., USA.
2017 American Association of Geographers Annual Meeting.Panel 1 and 2. Eakin, H. Manuel-Navarrete, D., Lerner, A. “Methods and Approaches for Representing the Political Dimensions of Urban Resilience”. April 5-9, 2017. Boston, MA., USA.
2017 American Association of Geographers Annual Meeting Lerner, A.M., Ruizpalacios, B., Martinez Canedo, A., Siqueiros, J.M., Manuel-Navarrete, D., Eakin, H., Mazari, M. “Understanding urban resilience in an evolving socio-ecological system: thresholds of change in Xochimilco, Mexico City”. April 5-9, 2017. Boston, MA., USA.
New Perspectives on Sustainability and Resilience.Plenary talk. Eakin, H. “Making the invisible, visible: Socio-political infrastructure in urban resilience”. Center for the Environment, Purdue University. March 23-24, 2017. Indiana, USA.
Graduate Program in Sustainability Science, UNAM. Colloquium Speaker. Eakin, H. “MEGADAPT: un proyecto transdisciplinario de infraestructura socio-politica y resiliencia urbana”. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. February 23, 2017. Mexico City, Mexico.
2016
Sustainability in Science and Technology Museums Program Eakin, H. “Vulnerability, adaptation, transformation”. Arizona State University. December 6, 2017. Tempe, AZ., USA.
2016-2017 Water/Climate Briefing. Shared Water Challenges: Seeking Collaborative Solutions for the U.S. and Mexico. Panelist. Eakin, H. “Mexico City’s Water Challenges”. Decision Center for the Desert City, Arizona State University. November 30, 2016. Tempe, AZ., USA.
International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process Presented by: Bojórquez-Tapia, LA. Co-authors: Bertha Hernández-Aguilar, Alejandra Martinez, J. Mario Siqueiros-García. Mental model and networks-based methodologies for developing AHP/ANP structures". August 4-7, 2016. London, UK. Link.
Abstract: The process of generating an AHP/ANP models through workshops may be demanding in terms of economic resources, personnel and time. In this paper we present a method for the identification of criteria and alternatives based on mental models (Jones 2011) and network analyses (Fernández et al. 2015). We believe this can be a complementary methodology to the AHP/ANP modeling. This paper is framed in the context of the project MEGADAPT. The methods introduced here uses data from interviews and workshops with stakeholders from the locality of La Magdalena Contreras, Mexico City. This locality has the last remaining free-flowing river within the city. Actors of Magdalena Contreras experience problems of water such as water scarcity and flooding.
International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process Presented by Bojórquez-Tapia, LA. Co-authors: Eakin, H., Janssen, M., and Baeza-Castro, A. “Vulnerability assessment in megalopolis: ANP-MAS modeling approach for Mexico City”. August 4-7, 2016. London, UK.
II Coloquio Internacional "Las Paradojas de la Megalópolis". Presentación/mesa redonda "El dossier del medio ambiente". Luis Antonio Bojórquez-Tapia. "Vulnerabilidad a riesgos socio-hidrológicos en la Zona Metropolitana de la Ciudad de México". CESOP, Cámara de Diputados. Julio 25, 2016. Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. Link
En este trabajo presentamos los avances del proyecto MEGADAPT cuyo objetivo es representar las dinámicas socio-ambientales que determinan la vulnerabilidad de la ciudad a riesgos socio-hídricos. Por vulnerabilidad nos referimos a un fenómeno complejo que de la combinación de factores de muy diversa índole, como son las decisiones que cotidianamente toman los actores sociales, los efectos de los eventos hidrometeorológicos extremos y las estructuras sociales y políticas de la ciudad. La idea central de nuestro proyecto es tomar en cuenta distribución diferencial de los riesgos, incluyendo las colonias y barrios formales e informales, con el fin de lograr un mejor entendimiento de la vulnerabilidad que contribuya a mejorar las políticas públicas.
Al respecto, los resultados de nuestro trabajo han sido reveladores. De acuerdo a los resultados de nuestras entrevistas, en el sector de agua y saneamiento prevalece la visión de que las causas de las inundaciones y la escasez de agua residen, principalmente, en la expansión urbana descontrolada dentro de un ambiente antiguamente lacustre. Bajo esta perspectiva, la solución obvia consiste en realizar grandes proyectos hidráulicos. Pero a la vez, se admite que los motores de cambio demográfico y económico han quedado al margen de las capacidades de la planeación urbana. Asimismo, los resultados de nuestros análisis epidemiológicos sugieren que existen costos adicionales a los habitantes de zonas vulnerables generados por las enfermedades asociadas a las inundaciones y la escasez de agua. En este contexto, se percibe un “descontrol” del desarrollo urbano que ha dado pie a la actuación de los habitantes de zonas vulnerables para protegerse y adaptarse. Así, estos habitantes así asumido una parte importante de los costos del manejo de agua en sus vecindarios, tanto los de abastecimiento de agua potable, como los de protección de sus bienes a encharcamientos de aguas negras.
II Coloquio Internacional "Las Paradojas de la Megalópolis". Presentación/mesa redonda "El dossier del medio ambiente". Beth Tellman."Dinámicas de las Fugas de la Red de Abastecimiento, Ciudad de México, 2000-2004 y 2009-2015". Centro de Estudios Sociales y de Opinión Pública de la Cámara de Diputados. Palacio Legislativo de San Lázaro. Julio 25-26, 2016. Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. Link
9th INAS (International Network of Analytical Sociologists) Conference: "Understanding institutions and sustainable cooperation". Presentation. Marco Janssen. "Collective Action for Water Gobernance in Mexico City". June 3-4, 2016. Utretcht University, Netherlands.
2016 Annual meeting of the Society for Economic Anthropology. Risk And Resillience: Cultures, Societies, and Systems. Presented by Manuel-Navarrete, D., Co-authors: Bojórquez-Tapia, L., Charli-Joseph, L., Eakin, H., Hernández-Aguilar, B., Martínez-Canedo, A., Siqueiros-García, J.M. “Changing identities of socio-hydrological systems in Xochimilco, Mexico City.” April 14-16, Athens, Georgia. Link.
Abstract: The system of lakes, canals, and artificial islands for intensive farming (Chinampas) that was predominant in the Valley of Mexico in pre-Hispanic times, has historically supplied food, water, recreation, and land for the urban expansion of Mexico City. It has also become a sink for its wastewaters, as well as a flood regulation system. The dominant mental models amongst Spanish and Mexican authorities portrayed this aquatic system as incompatible with urban progress, and have consistently promoted its decay and elimination. An alternative mental model that articulates narratives of the system identity as integral to the city’s heritage and functionally linked to urban dynamics through ecotourism, organic agriculture, and the provision of key ecological services gained legitimacy in the 1980s. The government responded with the top-down declaration of the area as World Heritage by UNESCO (1987), and the establishment of a Natural Protected Area (1992) but failed to effectively support traditional agriculture. In parallel communal (ejido) and other farmlands in the area were expropriated, which increased irregular urbanization pressures. These events show that dilemmas posed by opposing mental models can result in unexpected and undesirable material outcomes. They suggest the need to understand socio-ecological dynamics as emerging from entwined material and cognitive processes. This paper evaluates how different mental models incorporate diverse aspects of environmental risk, and how risk in turn shapes mental models and the narratives of the social-ecological system identity. Research was conducted in the context of NSF research project “Dynamics of Multi-Scalar Adaptation in the Megalopolis: Autonomous action, institutional change and social-hydrological risk in Mexico City” (MEGADAPT). Interviews, participatory workshops and focus groups were conducted with: (1) agricultural producers, (3) NGOs, (3) experts and academics, and (4) government officials in charge of urbanization, flood risk management and conservation both in Mexico City and at the borough of Xochimilco. The mental models of these actors were elicited in relation to flooding, scarcity, and water quality. Preliminary results indicate that water pollution is a central risk in the majority of elicited mental models. Risk is meaningful to different actors in different ways. Perceptions of risk factors shape each agent’s constellation of interrelated material and socio-cultural drivers and factors through which the system is rendered intelligible. Responsibility for causing and managing risks are attributed to material factors as well as the actions, perceptions and interests of other agents. At the same time risks are interconnected across scales. The lake serves as a risk mitigation function for the entire city, but this function poses direct risk of flooding to agricultural use, thus threatening the natural and cultural heritage associated with it. Locally, livelihoods are at risk by water quality, which in turn jeopardizes the lake system as a viable source of longer-term ecological functions (also the city scale). The analysis of mental models is a first step to grasp the cognitive complexity associated with the changing identities of socio-ecological systems, including the role played by environmental risks.
International Society on Urban Health and the American Association of Geographers Joint Symposium. Presented by Baeza, A. Co-authors: Argote, E., Eakin, H., Bojórquez-Tapia, L.A., Escalante, A.“Biophysical and socio-economic determinants of gastrointestinal diseases in Mexico City: a spatially explicit analysis” April 1-4, San Francisco, CA. Link
Society for Applied Anthropology. 76th Annual Meeting "Intersections". Presented by Lerner, A.M. Co-authors: Eakin, H., Tellman, E., Hernández, B., Martínez, A., Bausch, C., Charli-Joseph, L. “Understanding the interactions between socio-hydrological risk and urban expansion at the megacity fringe: The example of Three Cases in Mexico City” March 29-April 2, 2016. Vancouver, Canada. Link
Abstract: Megacities are socio-ecological systems (SES) that encompass complex interactions between residents, institutions, and natural resource management; these interactions are exacerbated by climate change as resources such as water becomes scarce or hazardous through drought and flooding. Developing pathways for improved sustainability requires making the disparate factors that create vulnerable conditions and outcomes visible to decision-makers. Nevertheless, managing vulnerability effectively is challenged by the need to identify the salient boundaries of an urban SES, and the relevant biophysical, technological and socio-institutional attributes that play critical roles in vulnerability dynamics. Here we explore the problem of vulnerability management in three case studies within Mexico City, where vulnerabilities to flooding and water are interconnected temporally and spatially, yet the formal and informal institutions and actors involved in the production and management of vulnerability are divided into two discrete problem domains: urban land use and water resource management. We focus on peri-urban areas where local public sector actors and residents participate in land use transformations that contribute to the cumulative production of hydrological risk for themselves and for distal populations in the city over time, and where growing demand for hydrological services is a source of social conflict. Using the concept of “action arenas” and vulnerability/risk transfers, we explore the political and institutional challenges and opportunities in linking urbanization and water management communities through social learning.
2016 American Association of Geographers Annual Meeting Presented by Beth Tellman. Co-authors: Hallie Eakin, Andres Baeza-Castro, Luis Bojórquez, Bertha Hernández Aguilar, and Marco Janssen. "Socio-Hydrological Risk Transfer and Emergent Vulnerability in the Basin of Mexico". March 29-April 2, 2016. San Francisco, California. Link
Abstract: Unplanned urbanization in megacities can expose residents to multiple hazards. In Mexico City, a megalopolis of 22 million, both catastrophic flooding and access to potable water have challenged city residents for the past 600 years. Flood and supply risk are inextricably linked, as increasing pressure on the aquifer to meet water supply demands accelerates subsidence, causing new patterns of vulnerability to flooding. Urbanization exacerbates this cycle by increasing water demand and runoff into an already under capacity sewer system. Independent and uncoordinated decision-making about changes to infrastructure and landscapes by actors adapting to a specific spatial or sectoral vulnerability in the water system can mitigate risk locally while transferring risk to another location in the city or portion of the hydrologic system. Recent work in socio-hydrology and interdisciplinary sciences has employed agent-based models (ABM) to analyze how the decisions of interacting individuals and institutions drive emergent outcomes in either water supply or flood risk, but not the potential interactions between these risks. We present a conceptual ABM of risk transfer and emergent vulnerability, informed by interviews with actors in the Basin of Mexico. The model links biophysical dynamics of subsidence, water supply, and flooding to water management decisions made to mitigate local, short-term risks. We hypothesize that acute risks of flooding and scarcity emerge as a result of management strategies that transfer risk across time and space. Geographers can contribute to socio-hydrology by analyzing vulnerability across spatio-temporal scales, identifying the potential for maladaptation in socio-ecological systems exposed to multiple interconnected risks.
2015
Primer Coloquio Internacional "Las Paradojas de la Megalópolis" Luis Antonio Bojórquez-Tapia.“MEGADAPT: Marco para la transformación del riesgo socio-hidrológico en la megalópolis” Centro de Estudios Sociales y de Opinión Pública de la Cámara de Diputados. Palacio Legislativo de San Lázaro. Mexico City, July 10, 2015.